home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
-
-
- - 1 -
-
-
-
- 13. _A_u_d_i_o_/_V_i_d_e_o__C_o_m_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n
-
- The Digital Media Execution Environment provides a set of
- software and hardware codecs for audio and video. The
- programming interfaces and compression manager software for
- software codecs and for memory-to-memory image
- compression/decompression using hardware acceleration (eg,
- the O2 image processing/compression engine) are included in
- the Digital Media Library, _l_i_b_d_m_e_d_i_a._s_o. The programming
- interfaces for the Cosmo Compress and Impact Compress
- devices and for MPEG-1 video decompression are included in
- the older Compression Library, _l_i_b_c_l._s_o.
-
- The _d_m_e_d_i_a__e_o_e.{_s_w,_s_w_3_2}._l_i_b subsystems contain o32 and n32
- versions of the software image and audio codecs. The codecs
- themselves are installed as individual DSO's in the
- directories /usr/{lib,lib32}/dmedia/imageconverters and
- /usr/{lib,lib32}/dmedia/audioconverters.
-
- Runtime support for the realtime memory-to-memory motion
- JPEG encoder/decoder available for the O2 workstation is
- included in the _d_m_e_d_i_a__e_o_e._s_w._b_a_s_e subsystem.
-
- Runtime support for the Cosmo Compress motion JPEG codec
- option (which works in conjunction with the IndyVideo,
- Indigo2 Video, and Galileo Video video I/O) is shipped as
- part of the _c_o_s_m_o option product. Runtime support for the
- Impact Compress motion JPEG codec option (which works in
- conjunction with Impact Video) is shipped as part of the
- _i_m_p_a_c_t_c_o_m_p option).
-
-
- 13.1 _A_u_d_i_o__C_o_d_e_c_s
-
-
- The following software audio codecs are bundled with the
- Digital Media Execution Environment in IRIX 6.3 and later:
-
- +o ITU G.711 mu-law/A-law speech codec
-
- +o ITU G.722 speech codec
-
- +o ITU G.726 speech codec
-
- +o ITU G.728 speech codec
-
- +o GSM speech codec
-
- +o DVI ADPCM codec
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- - 2 -
-
-
-
- +o MPEG-1 audio codec (see "MPEG-1 Audio/Video Codec"
- section below)
-
- +o Federal Standard 1016 CELP codec
-
- +o DV Audio (DIF)
-
-
- Tools like _S_o_u_n_d_P_l_a_y_e_r(_1) and _M_e_d_i_a_P_l_a_y_e_r(_1) may be used to
- play back sound or movie files which contain compress audio
- data encoded using the above standard compression schemes.
- _M_e_d_i_a_C_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1) and _d_m_c_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1) may be used to convert
- to/from these various encoded formats.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 13.1.1 _A_w_a_r_e_r_,__I_n_c__M_u_l_t_i_R_a_t_e__A_u_d_i_o__C_o_d_e_c
-
- The Digital Media Execution Environment includes built-in
- support for a high-fidelity audio codec from Aware,Inc
- called the MultiRate codec. This codec offers a lossless
- mode which provides approximately 2:1 or 3:1 data
- compression for CD-quality audio sample data.
-
- To run applications that use Aware,Inc MultiRate codec
- technology on a given Silicon Graphics system, you must
- purchase a FlexLM license from Silicon Graphics.
-
- An Aware codec license will allow you to play/record AIFF-C
- files which contain MultiRate-encoded data by invoking
- _s_f_p_l_a_y(_1) or _s_o_u_n_d_p_l_a_y_e_r(_1) for playback and _s_f_r_e_c_o_r_d(_1) for
- recording. The license will enable conversion to/from
- AIFF-C files which contain MultiRate data via _d_m_c_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1)
- or _M_e_d_i_a_C_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1).
-
- See the online man page _A_w_a_r_e(_5) for an overview of the
- Aware MultiRate compression technology available to
- developers and end users.
-
-
- 13.2 _I_m_a_g_e__C_o_d_e_c_s
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- - 3 -
-
-
-
- 13.2.1 _C_h_a_n_g_e_s__a_n_d__A_d_d_i_t_i_o_n_s This section lists
- changes/additions to the image codecs between the IRIX 6.2
- and IRIX 6.3/6.4 releases.
-
- +o IIIInnnnddddeeeeoooo eeeennnnccccooooddddiiiinnnngggg:::: Intel Indeo compression (a scheme
- commonly used with AVI movie files and sometimes used
- with QuickTime movies) is now supported. Tools like
- _M_e_d_i_a_C_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1) and _d_m_c_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1) can be used to create
- Indeo-encoded content.
-
- +o NNNNoooo lllliiiicccceeeennnnsssseeee rrrreeeeqqqquuuuiiiirrrreeeedddd ffffoooorrrr CCCCiiiinnnneeeeppppaaaakkkkrrrr VVVViiiiddddeeeeoooo eeeennnnccccooooddddiiiinnnngggg::::
- Cinepak (also called "QuickTime Compact Video")
- compression is now bundled with the IRIS Digital Media
- Execution Environment. _M_e_d_i_a_C_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1) and _d_m_c_o_n_v_e_r_t
- will now create QuickTime Cinepak movies without a
- license.
-
- +o IIIImmmmpppprrrroooovvvveeeedddd ssssooooffffttttwwwwaaaarrrreeee JJJJPPPPEEEEGGGG ccccooooddddeeeecccc:::: The performance of the
- standard software JPEG codec included in the Digital
- Media Execution Environment has been improved for IRIX
- 6.3 and 6.4.
-
- +o RRRReeeeaaaallllttttiiiimmmmeeee JJJJPPPPEEEEGGGG ccccooooddddeeeecccc oooonnnn OOOO2222 ssssyyyysssstttteeeemmmmssss:::: The O2 image
- processing/compression engine provides support for
- motion JPEG encode and decode. Realtime encode/decode
- at resolutions up to NTSC, PAL, CCIR601/525, and
- CCIR601/625 are supported. See the section of "O2
- Realtime JPEG Codec" below.
-
-
-
-
-
- 13.3 _R_e_a_l_t_i_m_e__J_P_E_G__C_o_d_e_c__f_o_r__O_2__W_o_r_k_s_t_a_t_i_o_n_s
-
- The Silicon Graphics O2 workstation family includes
- integrated support for realtime memory-to-memory JPEG encode
- and decode at resolutions up to NTSC, PAL, CCIR 601/525, and
- CCIR 601/625.
-
- The compression/image processing engine is a shared system
- resource, so realtime encode/decode performance is not
- guaranteed when the engine is being shared between
- applications or being used to encode/decode multiple JPEG
- streams simultaneously by a single application.
-
-
-
- 13.3.1 _K_n_o_w_n__P_r_o_b_l_e_m_s__a_n_d__W_o_r_k_a_r_o_u_n_d_s
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- - 4 -
-
-
-
- +o RRRReeeessssttttrrrriiiiccccttttiiiioooonnnnssss oooonnnn iiiimmmmaaaaggggeeee ddddiiiimmmmeeeennnnssssiiiioooonnnnssss:::: _T_h_e _r_e_a_l_t_i_m_e _J_P_E_G
- _c_o_d_e_c _p_r_o_v_i_d_e_s _s_u_p_p_o_r_t _f_o_r _e_n_c_o_d_i_n_g/_d_e_c_o_d_i_n_g _i_m_a_g_e_s
- _w_h_i_c_h _h_a_v_e _h_e_i_g_h_t/_w_i_d_t_h _d_i_m_e_n_s_i_o_n_s _t_h_a_t _a_r_e _m_u_l_t_i_p_l_e_s
- _o_f _8. _F_o_r _o_t_h_e_r _i_m_a_g_e _s_i_z_e_s, _t_h_e _s_y_s_t_e_m _f_a_l_l_s _b_a_c_k _t_o
- _t_h_e _s_t_a_n_d_a_r_d _s_o_f_t_w_a_r_e _J_P_E_G _c_o_d_e_c.
-
-
-
- _1_3._4 _C_o_s_m_o__C_o_m_p_r_e_s_s__J_P_E_G__C_o_d_e_c
-
- The Cosmo Compress option for Indy and Indigo2 enables
- realtime motion JPEG capture from video and playback to
- video on those systems. (The product does not provide a
- realtime memory-to-memory JPEG codec capability like the
- capability offered by the built-in image
- processing/compression engine in the O2 workstation.)
-
- Driver and Compression Library software support for the
- Cosmo Compress is provided separately in the _c_o_s_m_o product
- which ships along with the Cosmo hardware. See the _c_o_s_m_o
- release notes for information about bug fixes, new features,
- and known problems specific to the Cosmo JPEG codec.
-
-
- 13.5 _M_P_E_G_-_1__A_u_d_i_o_/_V_i_d_e_o__C_o_d_e_c
-
-
-
- 13.5.1 _W_h_a_t__i_s__M_P_E_G_? MPEG is a set of standards for
- digitally coding video and audio. The name is derived from
- Moving Pictures Experts Group, which is the technical
- committee of ISO/IEC (the International Organisation for
- Standardisation and the International Electrotechnical
- Commission) responsible for developing these specifications.
-
- Several standards have been developed, targeted for
- different applications. MPEG-1 encodes non-interlaced
- material and is optimized for single-speed CD-ROM bitrates
- (about 1.5 Mbps). MPEG-2 handles interlacing and is
- intended for applications at higher bitrates (4 Mbps or
- greater) like studio-quality TV. MPEG-4 is in its early
- stages and is targeted for very low bitrates that may be
- useful for videophone and other applications. (MPEG-3 was
- intended for HDTV/ATV but was merged with MPEG-2).
-
- Below we summarize the components of MPEG-1. This standard
- specifies the syntax for three types of bitstreams : video,
- audio, and systems.
-
- +o VVVViiiiddddeeeeoooo : Compression utilizes transform coding and
- motion estimation, which attempt to remove spatial and
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- - 5 -
-
-
-
- temporal redundancies in the original image sequence.
- Image dimensions up to 4096 by 4096 pixels and various
- frame rates up to 60 Hz are specified (field
- information is not defined in the video bitstream),
- with bitrates up to 105 Mbps allowed.
-
- +o AAAAuuuuddddiiiioooo : Compression is based on subband coding, which
- divides the input into different frequency bands and
- allocates bits across frequencies based on perceptual
- importance. Mono and stereo sources are supported at
- sampling rates of 32, 44.1 and 48 KHz, and allowable
- bitrates range from 32 to 448 Kbps.
-
- Three layers of encoding are specified : Layers I, II,
- and III. Generally speaking, the higher layers provide
- better compression (lower bitrates for the same audio
- quality) at the expense of greater computational
- complexity. The higher layers are also supersets of
- the lower layers in the sense that a Layer III decoder
- must be able to decode an audio bitstream of any layer,
- and a Layer II decoder must be able to decode
- bitstreams from Layers I and II.
-
- +o SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmmssss : The systems specification defines how the
- compressed audio and compressed video bitstream are
- multiplexed; no additional compression is performed.
- This layer serves to packetize and interleave the
- compressed audio and video data, along with timestamp
- information and decoder buffering requirements. Up to
- 16 video and 32 audio streams may be multiplexed in a
- single systems stream.
-
- For more details on the MPEG standard, see the man page
- _m_p_e_g(_4).
-
-
- 13.5.2 _M_P_E_G__S_u_p_p_o_r_t__i_n__I_R_I_X__6_._3 The software MPEG codec
- included in Digital Media Execution Environment 6.3
- implements a subset of the MPEG-1 standard indicated below.
- (Subsequent references to MPEG in these release notes assume
- MPEG-1 unless otherwise specified.)
-
- +o VVVViiiiddddeeeeoooo :
- - encoded width min=16 max=4080 pixels
- - encoded height min=16 max=4080 pixels
- - bit rate min=100K max=4.5M bits per second
-
- +o AAAAuuuuddddiiiioooo :
- - layers I, II
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- - 6 -
-
-
-
- +o SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmmssss :
- - video streams 1
- - audio streams 1
- - pack size min=500 max=10000 bytes
- - bit rate min=150K max=5.0M bits per second
-
-
- 13.5.3 _C_h_a_n_g_e_s__a_n_d__A_d_d_i_t_i_o_n_s__s_i_n_c_e__I_R_I_X__6_._2
-
- +o No license required for MPEG audio/video encoding. The
- MPEG-1 audio/video encoding software included in
- _d_m_e_d_i_a__e_o_e is now available on all systems. The
- command-line tool _d_m_c_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1) and the graphical tool
- _m_e_d_i_a_c_o_n_v_e_r_t(_1) may be used to create MPEG-1 audio,
- video, or systems files from other input formats
- (QuickTime, AVI, AIFF, WAVE, etc).
-
-
- 13.5.4 _B_u_g__F_i_x_e_s__i_n__I_R_I_X__6_._5_._4
-
- +o BUG 673369 - Some Octane systems with the Impact
- compression option card installed may panic on power up
- if they have been off for more than 4 hours. The
- driver does not allow sufficient time for the
- controller to complete reset processing. The reattach
- routine now waits for a longer period of time after the
- bus reset before attempting any GIO bus transactions.
-
- +o BUG 672908 - clDecompress hangs with single frame and
- Impact Compression. This happens when hardware
- interleaving is turned on. When interleaving is turned
- on for every 2 fields of compressed data you get back
- only 1 frame of uncompressed data. Low level routines
- did not account for the halving in the number of
- received frames. This has been fixed in this release.
-
- +o BUG 650934 - dmplay fails on ip22 w/ impact
- compression. One of the Bug fixes to deal with single
- frame compression did not propogate to the ip22/ip28
- device driver. Now dmplay works on IP22/IP28
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-